Under the Public Duty Doctrine, what is required to establish officer liability?

To establish officer liability under the Public Duty Doctrine, it is essential that all the listed criteria must be met. This doctrine is based on the premise that law enforcement officers owe a duty to the public at large, rather than to individual citizens. For an officer to be held liable, there needs to be clear evidence of a breach of that public duty. This breach generally occurs when an officer fails to perform their responsibilities in a manner that meets the standard of care expected from someone in their position.

In conjunction with demonstrating a breach of public duty, other factors such as intent to harm or evidence of a previous violation can play a role in establishing liability, but they are not standalone requirements. The comprehensive approach reinforces the need for multiple criteria to be fulfilled to hold an officer accountable, ensuring that the implications of liability are appropriately justified. Therefore, the answer emphasizes the necessity to meet all criteria outlined in the public duty doctrine to establish liability effectively.