What law governs the protection against unreasonable search and seizure?

The protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is governed by the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution. This amendment establishes that individuals have a right to privacy and security in their persons, homes, and effects, preventing law enforcement from conducting searches or seizures without a warranted cause supported by probable cause.

The federal constitution serves as the foundation for civil liberties and sets a consistent standard that must be adhered to across all states, ensuring that citizens’ rights are protected uniformly. Local ordinances and state laws cannot provide less protection than what is guaranteed under the federal constitution; they may offer additional protections, but they cannot negate the constitutional standard. Similarly, international law does not apply to domestic law enforcement practices in the context of individual rights regarding search and seizure.

By understanding the Fourth Amendment's context, one can appreciate the significant role it plays in safeguarding citizens' rights against arbitrary or unjustified interference by the government.