Which of the following can lead to charges of criminal liability for an officer?

Charges of criminal liability for an officer can arise from behaving negligently towards individuals. Negligence in law enforcement refers to a failure to exercise the care that a reasonably prudent officer would exercise in similar circumstances, which can lead to harm or injury to a person. When officers act with negligence, they can be deemed to have violated their duty of care, leading to possible civil or criminal consequences.

The choice of failure to follow departmental policy, while potentially subject to administrative action, does not automatically equate to criminal liability unless it results in harmful outcomes. Similarly, deliberately misleading the public can be unethical and result in professional repercussions but does not always meet the threshold for criminal liability unless it involves deception that results in significant harm or misconduct. Acting within personal discretion can be a necessary part of policing, but it becomes problematic only when that discretion is exercised negligently or in violation of the law.